14. Research Misconduct
14.1 UNIMAS regards the following practices as research misconduct since they violate commonly accepted principles and practices of research upheld by the general scholarly community. Such offences are serious and subject to strict disciplinary action.
14.2 Fabrication of data: Dishonesty in reporting results, ranging from fabrication of data, improper adjustment of results, and gross negligence in collecting or analysing data, to selective reporting or omission of data for deceptive purposes;
14.3 Falsification of research: Deliberately misrepresenting research, including the progress of research, making grossly exaggerated claims of the significance of research results, falsely claiming priority by wilfully ignoring prior relevant reports in research literature;
14.4 Plagiarism: Taking credit for someone else’s work and ideas, stealing other’s results or methods, omitting acknowledgement of significant contribution(s) received from others, copying the writing of others without proper acknowledgement, or otherwise falsely taking credit for the work and ideas of others;
14.5 Failure to acknowledge: Wilfully ignoring and failing to acknowledge the source of biological materials used in laboratory research.
14.6 Abuse of confidentiality: Taking or releasing ideas and data that was shared with the legitimate expectation of confidentiality (e.g. use of confidential results without permission of other researchers or previous employers), stealing ideas from others’ grant proposals, award applications, or manuscript publication;
14.7 Dishonesty in publication: Knowingly publishing material that will mislead readers (e.g. misrepresenting data, particularly its originality, misrepresenting research progress, adding the names of other authors without their permission, or including honorary authorships or excluding a major collaborator as co-author of the paper);
14.8 Property violations: Stealing or destroying property of others, such as research papers, supplies, equipment or products of research;
14.9 Misuse of funds: Failure to spend research funds in ways consistent with the goals stated in the relevant contract documents and/or failure to maintain clear and proper records of expenditures;
14.10 Mistreatment of human research subjects: Failure to obtain informed consent of research informants/clinical trial patients, failure to protect the rights of informants regarding their privacy and to protect the research subject’s anonymity and the confidentiality of information sources;
14.11 Mistreatment of animals: Failure to treat animals with care, and humaneness.
14.12 Failure to report known incidents of serious research misconduct: Covering up or otherwise failing to report major offences of research known to oneself; and/or
14.13 Retaliation: Taking punitive action against an individual for having reported alleged major research offences.
14.14 Research misconduct does not include honest error or honest differences in interpretations or judgments of data. Serious misconduct must be distinguished from honest error and differences of interpretation inherent in any scientific and creative process and which are normally corrected through further research and scholarship.
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